Effect of Genetic Polymorphisms in GH/Hpa II and MSTN / Dra I Loci on Body Weight in Friesian Bull Calves.

OBJECTIVE: The GH and MSTN gene polymorphisms and their association with body weight were declared in a population of 100 Friesian bull calves. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For DNA extraction, collection of blood samples was carried out from the studied animals. The PCR for GH and MSTN genes yielded fragments of 329 and 1346 bp, respectively. RESULTS: The PCR-HpaII digestion of 329 bp of GH gene revealed three genotypes: AA genotype possess undigested fragment (329 bp), AB genotype has three fragments (329, 224 and 105 bp) and BB genotype has two fragments (224 and 105 bp). The GH genotypes incidence and alleles frequency were calculated. For the 100 Friesian bull calves, genotypic frequencies for the AA, AB and BB genotypes were 0.1, 0.78 and 0.12, respectively and the allele frequencies for A and B allele frequencies were 0.49 and 0.51. Statistical analysis revealed that there was a significant effect of GH genotypes on body weight. The AB genotype possessed higher body weight than the other 2 genotypes. Regarding MSTN gene, PCR-DraI digestion of 1346 bp fragment was monomorphic; where it yielded four fragments (505, 427, 321 and 93 bp) in all animals under study. CONCLUSION: The outcome of this study is that it highlights the effectiveness of GH/HpaII locus as candidate marker for body weight in cattle rather than MSTN/DraI.

Ligational, analytical and biological applications on oxalyl bis(3,4-dihydroxybenzylidene) hydrazone.

The molecular modeling and parameters have been calculated to confirm the geometry of oxalyl bis(3,4-dihydroxybenzylidene) hydrazone, H(6)L. The metal complexes of Cr(3+), VO(2+), ZrO(2+), HfO(2+), UO(2)(2+) and MoO(2)(2+) with H(6)L have been prepared and characterized by partial elemental analysis, spectral studies (electronic; IR), thermal analysis and magnetic measurements. The data suggest the formation of polymer complexes with a unit [Cr(H(4)L)(H(2)O)(3)Cl].H(2)O, [VO(H(4)L)(H(2)O)(2)], [Hf(H(4)L)(H(2)O)].H(2)O [UO(2)(H(4)L)(H(2)O)(2)].2H(2)O [MoO(2)(H(4)L)] and [(ZrO)(2)(H(2)L)-(C(2)H(5)OH)(2)]. The ligand behaves as a dibasic bidentate in all complexes except ZrO(2+) which acts as a tetrabasic tetradentate with the two ZrO(2+) ions. An octahedral geometry was proposed for the Cr(3+), HfO(2+), MoO(2)(2+)and UO(2)(2+) complexes and square pyramid for VO(2+). The Cr(3+) is necessary to degrade the DNA of eukaryotic subject completely; the other complexes have little effect. H(6)L was found suitable as a new reagent for the separation and preconcentration of ZrO(2+) ions from different water samples using flotation technique with satisfactory results.

Synthesis, characterization and biological study on Cr(3+), ZrO(2+), HfO(2+) and UO(2)(2+) complexes of oxalohydrazide and bis(3-hydroxyimino)butan-2-ylidene)-oxalohydrazide.

Cr(3+), ZrO(2+), HfO(2+) and UO(2)(2+) complexes of oxalohydrazide (H(2)L(1)) and oxalyl bis(diacetylmonoxime hydrazone) [its IUPAC name is oxalyl bis(3-hydroxyimino)butan-2-ylidene)oxalohydrazide] (H(4)L(2)) have been synthesized and characterized by partial elemental analysis, spectral (IR; electronic), thermal and magnetic measurements. [Cr(L(1))(H(2)O)(3)(Cl)].H(2)O, [ZrO(HL(1))(2)].C(2)H(5)OH, [UO(2)(L(1))(H(2)O)(2)] [ZrO(H(3)L(2))(Cl)](2).2H(2)O, [HfO(H(3)L(2))(Cl)](2).2H(2)O and [UO(2)(H(2)L(2))].2H(2)O have been suggested. H(2)L(1) behaves as a monobasic or dibasic bidentate ligand while H(4)L(2) acts as a tetrabasic octadentate with the two metal centers. The molecular modeling of the two ligands have been drawn and their molecular parameters were calculated. Examination of the DNA degradation of H(2)L(1) and H(4)L(2) as well as their complexes revealed that direct contact of [ZrO(H(3)L(2))(Cl)](2).2H(2)O or [HfO(H(3)L(2))(Cl)](2).2H(2)O degrading the DNA of Eukaryotic subject. The ligands and their metal complexes were tested against Gram's positive Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) and Gram's negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. All compounds have small inhibitory effects.